Wednesday 22nd July 2026

New and updated life cycles

Two new life cycles have been added to the website: 

The following life cycles have also been updated:

These resources can be viewed online or downloaded directly via the Guidelines drop-down menu or by clicking www.esccap.org/life-cycles/gl1.

The life cycles are valuable tools for veterinary professionals and students, helping to illustrate parasite development stages and transmission routes.  They can be used for teaching and clinical reference.